ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rates of bacteria isolated from the samples of catheter and endotracheal aspirates (ETS) of patients under mechanical ventilation in intensive care units (ICUs).

Material and Methods: We determined the antibiotic resistance rates of bacteria isolated from catheters and ETS taken from patients who underwent mechanical ventilation in the ICUs at the Siirt Training and Research Hospital between January 2018 and November 2019.

Results: While the most common Gram-positive bacteria isolated from catheters and ETS were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecium, and the most common Gram-negative bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Among Gram-positive bacteria, methicillin resistances were detected in 82.9% of CNS isolated from catheter and in 45% of S. aureus strains isolated from ETS. Vancomycin resistance was observed in 14.3% of E. faecium. Carbapenem resistance rates were 100% for A. baumannii in both catheter and ETS while colistin resistance rates were 16.7% and 7.7% for catheter and ETS, respectively. For Klebsiella spp., carbapenem resistance rates were 47.1% and 59.1% in catheter and ETS, respectively, while colistin resistance rates were 23.5% in catheter and 9.1% in ETS. For P. aeruginosa, carbapenem resistance rate was 58.8% and colistin resistance rate was 2.9% in ETS. Carbapenem resistance rate of E. coli isolated from ETS was 11.1% while 100% of E. coli samples were sensitive to colistin.

Conclusion: It should be noted that infections that develop in patients followed in ICUs often occur with multiple resistant microorganisms. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of the factors detected in ICUs should be monitored regularly and treatment protocols should be updated accordingly.

Keywords: Endotracheal aspirate, catheter, intensive care units, antibacterial agents