ABSTRACT

Objective

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by multi-organ involvement, mostly the renal system, as a result of impaired blood sugar regulation. Damage to the renal system can be serious and can be noticed late. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with adipokine disorders, and irisin molecule, a myokine involved

in glucose and lipid metabolism, has also been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis. In this study, it was aimed to compare serum irisin levels between healthy individuals and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at different stages in terms of nephropathy and to demonstrate that irisin can be a guide in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease in earlier stages before kidney damage develops.

Material and Methods

The study included 101 samples of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 28 healthy volunteers who applied to Çukurova University Balcalı Hospital. The participants in the study were divided into five groups in total. The groups consisted of the first group including healthy volunteers without a history of diabetes, and four separate

groups of diabetic nephropathy patients, which were formed by considering Mogensen's staging criteria. Serum irisin levels and routine biochemical parameters were also evaluated in the groups. Chi-square and One Way Anova tests were used for statistical analysis to compare group data.

Results

Serum irisin level was found to be significantly higher in group 1 (p< 0.001). Especially in group 2 (Mogensen stage 1 hyperfiltration and hypertrophy stage), serum irisin level was found to be significantly lower than the control group (p< 0.001). Hemoglobin A1c, micoralbumin/creatinine and HOMA-IR values were found to be significantly lower in group 1 (p< 0.001 for each). It was determined that irisin had a weak negative correlation between hemoglobin A1c, microalbumin/creatinine and glomerular filtration rate respectively (p= 0.001, r= -0.286), (p= 0.199, r= -0.015), (p= 0.142, r= -0.158), while it had a weak positive correlation between HOMA-IR (p= 0.008, r= 0.308).

Conclusion

According to the data obtained from the study, it was thought that serum irisin levels could be used as a guide in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy before the symptoms related to nephropathy appear and the glomerular filtration rate decreases.